Have you ever heard of PMDD? It’s like PMS but way more intense. 

It stands for Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder, and it’s a condition that can cause severe mood swings, irritability, and physical symptoms in the days leading up to menstruation. 

These conditions are experienced in the luteal phase (occurs after ovulation and before menstruation) of the menstrual cycle and are more severe than normal PMS symptoms. 

But one of the big things that can make PMDD even harder is anxiety. For women with PMDD, it can be debilitating and overwhelming, affecting their daily functioning and quality of life.

This article will examine PMDD anxiety, its relationship, complexities, and implications for women’s mental health.

Research has shown a strong association between PMDD and anxiety disorders, particularly Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). 

Studies have suggested that hormonal fluctuations, changes in Estrogen and Progesterone levels, occur during the menstrual cycle.

These fluctuations may contribute to the development and exacerbation of anxiety symptoms in women with PMDD.

While the exact mechanism is not fully understood, it’s believed that biological markers and how we think play a role in the manifestation of general anxiety in PMDD.

Fact:
According to a study, panic disorder occurs in 25% of women having PMDD.

Symptoms of PMDD anxiety

symptoms of PMDD anxiety
Woman worrying about something excessively

Anxiety symptoms in PMDD can manifest in various forms, including: 

  • Excessive worry
  • Restlessness
  • Muscle tension
  • Irritability
  • Difficulty concentrating
Warning:
If you notice symptoms like rapid heartbeat, sweating, trembling, and difficulty breathing during the luteal phase of your menstrual cycle, it could be a panic attack related to PMDD. So, it’s important to keep track of these signs and promptly contact a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and effective treatment.

The role of hormonal fluctuations

Fluctuations in the Estrogen and Progesterone levels, have been implicated in the development and exacerbation of anxiety symptoms in women with PMDD. 

Altered sensitivity to these hormones during the late luteal phase may cause the onset of anxiety symptoms. 

Additionally, some chemicals made from Progesterone, such as Allopregnanolone, can influence emotional processing in the brain, potentially leading to increased anxiety symptoms.

Treatment for PMDD anxiety

Managing anxiety associated with PMDD requires a multifaceted approach, incorporating both home remedies and medical treatments.

Medical treatments

Medical treatments for managing PMDD anxiety offer a range of options. 

These treatments are often prescribed by healthcare professionals to effectively alleviate symptoms and improve the quality of life for individuals experiencing PMDD-related anxiety.

  • Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Antidepressants like SSRIs, including Fluoxetine (Prozac), Sertraline (Zoloft), and Paroxetine (Paxil), are commonly prescribed to manage PMDD anxiety
  • Antianxiety medications: In some cases, medications specifically targeting anxiety, such as Benzodiazepines like Alprazolam (Xanax), may be prescribed to manage severe anxiety symptoms associated with PMDD
  • Other therapies: Light therapy and Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) may also be recommended by healthcare professionals to manage PMDD anxiety
  • Hormonal birth control: Hormonal contraceptives, like birth control pills, patches, or hormonal IUDs, can help regulate hormonal fluctuations and alleviate symptoms of PMDD, including anxiety
Recommended Article
PMS anxiety is just as hard to manage as anxiety in PMDD. 
To know how to manage the PMS anxiety, read Overcoming PMS Anxiety: Causes, Signs, and Treatment Options.

Home treatments

Stretching leg exercise
Woman doing exercise

Besides medical treatments, you can also try some home treatments and lifestyle adjustments to manage Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder and its associated symptoms, such as anxiety. 

  • Regular exercise:Engaging in activities like jogging, swimming, or cycling is effective in reducing PMS symptoms, including anxiety associated with PMDD
  • Adequate sleep: Getting enough sleep is important to manage anxiety. Individuals should aim for at least 8 hours of quality sleep per night to reduce symptoms of PMDD
  • Avoid smoking: Smoking has been associated with an increased risk of PMDD and PMS symptoms
  • Avoiding alcohol and caffeine: This can help alleviate anxiety and improve overall well-being
  • Relaxation techniques: Incorporating relaxation methods like yoga, meditation, massage, and deep breathing exercises can help reduce anxiety
  • Healthy diet:Consuming a balanced diet of vegetables, fruits, lean proteins, and whole grains can be beneficial in alleviating symptoms of PMDD. Avoiding excessive salt and processed foods may also be beneficial

Conclusion

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) presents a significant challenge for many women, particularly due to the debilitating effects of anxiety.

The intricate relationship between hormonal fluctuations, neurotransmitter activity, and psychological factors underscores the complexity of PMDD anxiety. 

However, with a comprehensive understanding of its manifestations and treatment options, there is hope for effective management.

Medical treatments, including SSRIs, antianxiety medications, and hormone interventions, offer relief for many women struggling with PMDD anxiety. 

Additionally, hormonal birth control and other therapies like Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT) provide valuable avenues for symptom management.

Beyond medical interventions, lifestyle adjustments, and home remedies play a crucial role in alleviating PMDD-related anxiety. 

By addressing PMDD anxiety through medical, psychological, and lifestyle interventions, women can experience improved quality of life. 

Frequently Asked Questions

Can PMDD cause anxiety?

Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD) can indeed cause significant anxiety for those affected by it. The hormonal fluctuations during the menstrual cycle, particularly in the luteal phase, can exacerbate symptoms of anxiety in individuals with PMDD. This heightened anxiety can manifest as excessive worry, restlessness, irritability, and difficulty concentrating.

How to manage PMDD anxiety at work?

To manage PMDD anxiety at work, you should decide when to tell about your condition to your employer and plan to manage PMDD days. Inform HR or your supervisor about your condition and apply for a leave. Additionally, use techniques like mindfulness and see a therapist to cope with PMDD anxiety. 

How severe is PMDD anxiety?

The severity of PMDD anxiety varies from person to person. Some individuals experience mild symptoms, while others may endure more severe symptoms that significantly impair their quality of life. It’s essential for individuals experiencing severe PMDD anxiety to seek professional guidance for personalized treatment like medication, therapy, and lifestyle interventions.

What lifestyle changes can I make to reduce PMDD anxiety?

Lifestyle changes play a pivotal role in reducing PMDD anxiety. Doing regular physical activity and maintaining a balanced diet can adequately manage PMDD anxiety. Avoiding smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and caffeine can also help alleviate anxiety. Incorporating relaxation methods into daily routines can help in stress reduction. 

Citations:
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