Menopause and Libido: What Happens?
During the menopausal transition, you may observe changes in your libido or sexual desire.
Some women may notice an uptick in their sex drive, while others may experience a decline.
The primary reason behind reduced libido in Menopause is typically the decrease in hormone levels.
Menopausal symptoms like hot flashes, depression, and anxiety can manifest around this time.
This can cause a decrease in libido and discomfort during sexual activity.
Let’s explore the link between Menopause and sexual desire, delving into the symptoms, effects, and potential treatments that can impact it.
The decline in libido during Menopause
Menopause results in a decrease in both Testosterone and Estrogen levels in the body.
However, when it comes to the physiological changes that impact sexual response during Menopause, it is primarily Estrogen that plays a significant role.
The decline in Estrogen levels leads to reduced blood flow to the vagina, which can have adverse effects on vaginal lubrication.
Although hormonal changes have not been directly linked to a low libido by experts, they may still have an influence on other factors, such as hot flashes, which can indirectly contribute to a decreased sex drive.
Several changes and lifestyle factors can influence a person’s sexual life during and after Menopause, and not all of these are directly tied to the menopausal process.
Some of the contributing factors that can lead to a decrease in libido include
- Hormonal changes
- Physical changes
- Socio-psychological factors
Causes of low libido during Menopause
The medical cause for a reduced sex drive is Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder (HSDD).
This condition is frequently encountered by women, particularly during the menopausal stage.
In 2012, the Food and Drug Administration recognized HSDD as one of the 20 diseases requiring special attention due to its high priority.
Physical Changes
These changes can manifest in the following ways:
- Dyspareunia: Dyspareunia involves experiencing persistent or recurring genital pain before, during, or after sexual intercourse
- Reduced blood flow: Decreased blood flow affects overall arousal, potentially making sex less enjoyable and making it more difficult to achieve orgasm
- Fluctuating hormonelevels: These can have an impact on an individual’s mental well-being, which, in turn, influences their sexual desire
Mental Changes
Depression is a prevalent issue among women during mid-life and the period surrounding Menopause.
Menopausal and postmenopausal women often have reduced sexual desire, difficulty achieving orgasm, and engage in sexual activity less frequently.
Furthermore, low libido can also be a result of relationship difficulties and body image concerns.
Other symptoms
Menopause can show a variety of symptoms that can impact a person’s sex drive.
These include common issues like hot flashes, night sweats, depression, anxiety, and insomnia.
Insomnia affects approximately half of those going through Menopause.
Fatigue is another prevalent symptom that can contribute to a decreased libido.
Anyone facing concerns about a decline in their sex drive should consider discussing the matter with a healthcare provider.
There are various approaches to address this issue, including treatments which can potentially help boost libido and improve one’s sexual well-being.
Medical treatments
Medical treatments can play a crucial role in managing factors that contribute to low libido during Menopause.
These treatments can target specific symptoms and directly address issues related to sexual desire:
Flibanserin (Addyi): While approved by the FDA for the treatment of low sexual desire, it is not certified for use in females after Menopause.
Flibanserin may increase the frequency of experiencing sexual satisfaction, albeit possibly only once a month or every two months.
It’s important to note that this medication can show side effects such as low blood pressure and fainting.
Before considering its use, consult with a doctor about the potential benefits and drawbacks of Flibanserin.
Bremelanotide (Vyleesi):FDA approved in 2019 for addressing low libido in the years leading up to Menopause, Bremelanotide has shown positive results in trials.
Approximately 25% of users experienced an increase in sexual desire compared to 17% of those who received a placebo.
This medication appears to enhance sexual desire and alleviate related issues by activating melanocortin receptors in the nervous system.
It’s administered via injection at least 45 minutes before sexual activity.
However, it can lead to a rise in blood pressure and is not suitable for individuals with Hypotension.
Lubricants: Over-the-counter lubricants can help reduce discomfort during sexual activity, and over-the-counter moisturizers can alleviate dryness.
These products typically require regular use, but it’s important to note that non-water-soluble and silicone-based lubricants can weaken the effectiveness of condoms in protecting against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
Hormonal and Non-Hormonal Options: Estrogen pills, creams, or vaginal rings can effectively address vaginal dryness and vaginal atrophy but require a prescription.
Hormone therapy is another option that can help with hot flashes and mood changes.
For those who prefer non-hormonal treatments, Ospemifene is available to treat vaginal dryness and atrophy.
In seeking relief from menopausal symptoms affecting libido, women can explore the most suitable treatment options suited to their specific needs and medical history.
Conclusion
The decrease in libido experienced during Menopause is primarily attributed to the decline in hormone levels, particularly estrogen and progesterone.
As these hormone levels drop to deficient levels during and after Menopause, various symptoms arise, including vaginal dryness.
While some symptoms, like night sweats, tend to improve with time for most women as they navigate Menopause, the reduction in sex drive can be a significant concern.
Well, there are many effective treatment options available for underlying causes of decreased libido during this life stage.
Seeking medical guidance and exploring these treatment options like hormone therapy can help manage and maintain a satisfying and fulfilling sex life.
Understanding the hormonal changes and available solutions can provide women with the knowledge and confidence to embrace this transformative phase of life with optimism.
Frequently Asked Questions
How does Menopause affect sex drive?
Menopause can reduce sex drive due to decreased Estrogen and Testosterone, affecting arousal and sensitivity. Vaginal dryness can cause discomfort during sex, but treatments are available. Factors like stress, health issues, and medications also influence sexual desire. However, some women experience increased libido post-Menopause.
Does Menopause universally reduce sexual desire in all women?
Not necessarily. While some women experience a lower sex drive due to hormonal changes, others report an increased libido post-Menopause. This increase is often attributed to reduced pregnancy anxiety, fewer child-rearing responsibilities, and a more relaxed approach to intimacy.
How can I address vaginal dryness that occurs during Menopause?
To combat vaginal dryness, use water-soluble lubricants like Astroglide or K-Y Jelly. Avoid non-water-soluble lubricants like Vaseline, as they can degrade condoms and promote bacterial growth. Regular use of vaginal moisturizers and consulting a doctor about vaginal Estrogen therapy are other effective options.
What can I do to enhance my sexual desire during and after Menopause?
Consider Estrogen replacement for treating vaginal dryness and improving sex drive, though research is ongoing. Combining Estrogen with androgens might help. Discuss with your doctor for personalized advice, and consider counseling for sexual dysfunction. The Eros device can also enhance arousal and sexual response.
How can I improve intimacy with my partner?
Maintain intimacy with non-sexual affection and shared activities. For physical intimacy, explore new sexual experiences, use relaxation techniques, and communicate openly about comfort levels. Experiment with foreplay, try different sexual positions to minimize discomfort, and use lubricants. Mutual understanding and exploration can enhance intimacy.
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