Cervical Fibroids: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

Cervical Fibroids, also known as Cervical Leiomyomas or Uterine Fibroids, are noncancerous growths that develop in or around the cervix—the lower part of the uterus that connects to the vagina. 

While fibroids can occur in various parts of the uterus, Cervical Fibroids specifically form in the cervix. 

Although usually benign, Cervical Fibroids can lead to discomfort, pain, and complications, affecting a person’s quality of life. 

Understanding their signs, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options is crucial for managing this condition effectively.

Signs and symptoms

The symptoms of Cervical Fibroids can vary depending on their size, location, and number. 

Some women may experience no symptoms at all, while others may have more pronounced symptoms. 

Common signs and symptoms of Cervical Fibroids include:

• Pelvic pain: Women with Cervical Fibroids may experience pelvic pain or pressure, which can range from mild to severe
• Abnormal bleeding: Irregular menstrual bleeding, including heavier periods or bleeding between periods, is a common symptom of Cervical Fibroids
• Pain during intercourse: Fibroids in the cervix can lead to discomfort or pain during sexual intercourse
• Urinary symptoms: Large Cervical Fibroids can press against the bladder, causing frequent urination or difficulty emptying the bladder completely
• Constipation: In some cases, Cervical Fibroids can exert pressure on the rectum, leading to constipation or difficulty passing stools

What causes Cervical Fibroids

The exact cause of Cervical Fibroids is not fully understood. 

However, like Uterine fibroids, several factors may contribute to their development, including hormonal imbalances, genetic predisposition, and Estrogen and Progesterone levels. 

These hormones play a crucial role in the growth and maintenance of fibroids.

Risk factors

Several factors may increase a woman’s risk of developing Cervical Fibroids, including:

• Age (older women are at higher risk than younger women)
• African American race
• Obesity
• Family history of uterine fibroids
• High blood pressure
• No history of pregnancy
• Vitamin D deficiency
• Food additive consumption
• Use of soybean milk

Complications

While Cervical Fibroids are usually benign, they can cause complications in some cases. 

These complications may include:

• Infertility: Cervical Fibroids can interfere with fertility by blocking the fallopian tubes or disrupting the normal structure of the uterus
• Pregnancy complications: Fibroids may increase the risk of complications during pregnancy, including miscarriage, preterm birth, or the need for a cesarean section

Diagnosis

Diagnosing Cervical Fibroids typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests, such as:

• Pelvic exam: A healthcare provider may be able to feel enlarged or irregular areas in the pelvis during a pelvic exam, which could indicate the presence of fibroids
• Ultrasound: This imaging test uses sound waves to create a picture of the uterus and cervix, allowing healthcare providers to identify the size, number, and location of fibroids
• MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): MRI provides detailed images of the uterus and cervix, which can help distinguish fibroids from other growths or abnormalities
• Hysteroscopy: This procedure involves inserting a thin, lighted tube with a camera into the uterus through the vagina to examine the cervix and uterine cavity directly

Can Cervical Fibroids be cancerous

In most cases, Cervical Fibroids are noncancerous (benign) growths. 

However, in rare instances, a fibroid may contain cancerous (malignant) cells. 

This is known as Leiomyosarcoma, and it is important to differentiate between benign and malignant fibroids for appropriate treatment and management. 

The risk of a fibroid being cancerous is generally low, but if there are concerning features in imaging studies or during surgery, a tissue sample (biopsy) may be taken to confirm the diagnosis.

Cervical Fibroids treatment

Treatment for Cervical Fibroids depends on the severity of symptoms, the size and location of the fibroids, and the patient’s reproductive goals. 

Options may include:

• Medications: Hormonal medications such as birth control pills, GnRH agonists, or progestin-releasing Intrauterine Devices (IUDs) may help manage symptoms such as heavy bleeding or pelvic pain

Order now for relief from the pain and discomfort of Fibroids.

Seek solace and relief with specialized aids from WowRx.

• Minimally invasive procedures: Procedures such as Uterine Artery Embolization, Myomectomy (surgical removal of fibroids), or laparoscopic or robotic-assisted surgery may be recommended to remove or shrink fibroids while preserving the uterus
• Hysterectomy: In cases where fibroids are large, causing severe symptoms, or if fertility is not a concern, a Hysterectomy (surgical removal of the uterus) may be recommended
• Endometrial ablation: This procedure involves destroying the lining of the uterus to reduce menstrual bleeding, which may be beneficial for women with fibroids who wish to avoid surgery

Conclusion

Cervical Fibroids can cause a range of symptoms and complications, impacting a woman’s quality of life and reproductive health. 

While these growths are usually benign, prompt diagnosis and appropriate management are essential for relieving symptoms and preventing complications. 

With advances in medical technology and a variety of treatment options available, women affected by Cervical Fibroids can work with their healthcare providers to develop a personalized treatment plan that meets their needs and goals.

Regular gynecological exams and open communication with healthcare providers are key to managing Cervical Fibroids effectively and maintaining overall health and well-being.

Frequently Asked Questions

• betterhealth.vic.gov.au
• nhs.uk