Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects many women.

It brings a set of symptoms that affects a woman’s overall health.

While the physical symptoms of PCOS are well-known, the emotional toll it can take on a woman’s mental health, particularly the increased risk of Depression, is often overlooked.

According to a 2021 study published in Cureus, women with PCOS have up to eight times higher prevalence of Depression than healthy women.

This article will shed some light on the link between PCOS and Depression and how it affects a woman’s well-being.

Depression and PCOS

Depression is a common symptom of PCOS.

According to the Journal of Pharmacy and Bio-Allied Sciences, about 40% of women with PCOS experience Depression, particularly young girls.

Sometimes, the depressive symptoms can be so severe that it can lead to suicidal thoughts.

A study was conducted in which it was found that suicide attempts were seven times more common in the PCOS group. 

If you or someone you know is going through Depression or having suicidal thoughts, kindly seek help.

Potential causes

The exact mechanisms underlying the relationship between PCOS and Depression are not yet fully understood. 

However, several factors contribute to this association:

Hormonal imbalance

PCOS is characterized by an imbalance in the reproductive hormones, including elevated levels of Androgens (male hormones) and Insulin resistance. 

These hormonal fluctuations may impact brain chemistry and neurotransmitter function, increasing vulnerability to Depression.

Fact:
Neurotransmitters are the chemical messengers of your body that carry signals (messages) from one nerve cell to another.

Chronic stress

Living with PCOS and Depression can be emotionally challenging and cause stress.

PCOS can have an impact on the following things:

  • Body image: Weight gain is a common symptom of PCOS, which can make one concerned about how they look 
  • Fertility concerns: Many women with PCOS has infertility issues. This can increase depressive episodes, especially in women who are trying to conceive
  • Facial appearance: Acne is a common thing that happens in PCOS. This type of acne typically appears on the following body parts and can cause physical pain and Depression:
    • Face
    • Chest
    • Upper back
  • Physical outlook: Excessive hair growth, known as Hirsutism, is usually caused by Polycystic Ovary Syndrome. This can make a woman conscious of her physical outlook

The chronic stress associated with managing the condition’s physical and emotional aspects may contribute to Depression.

Inflammation

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome is often associated with low-grade inflammation in the body. 

Inflammation has been linked to depressive symptoms, as it can disrupt the normal functioning of neurotransmitters involved in mood regulation.

Symptoms of Depression in PCOS

Fatigue
Fatigue

According to the American Psychiatric Association, here are some of the symptoms that occur because of Depression:

  • Feeling sad or having a persistent low mood
  • Lack of interest or enjoyment in once pleasurable activities
  • Changes in appetite resulting in weight loss or gain, unrelated to intentional dieting
  • Sleep disturbances, such as insomnia or excessive sleeping
  • Fatigue or decreased energy levels
  • Restlessness or slowed movements and speech
  • Feelings of worthlessness or extreme guilt
  • Difficulty focusing, making decisions, or concentrating on tasks
  • Thoughts of self-harm or suicide
Caution:
Immediately consult your doctor if you notice any of these symptoms, as delaying may worsen the condition.

Impact on mental health

Women with PCOS have to already go through a rollercoaster of symptoms, and Depression, on top of it, increases the burden. 

It can significantly impact a woman’s mental health in the following ways:

Poor treatment adherence

Depression can make it challenging to adhere to medical treatments and lifestyle changes necessary for managing PCOS effectively. 

According to a study, compared with nondepressed patients, the odds are three times greater that depressed patients will be noncompliant with medical treatment recommendations.

This can further worsen the physical symptoms and emotional distress associated with the condition.

Reduced quality of life

Depression can lead to decreased well-being, diminished enjoyment of activities, and difficulties in personal relationships. 

It may also affect occupational and academic performance.

Increased risk of other mental health disorders

Women with PCOS and Depression are at a higher risk of developing other mental health disorders.

Depression may be a contributing factor in developing the following mental health disorders:

  • Anxiety disorder
  • Panic disorder
  • Social phobia
  • Eating disorders

Managing PCOS and Depression

Living with PCOS and Depression can be difficult. But some strategies can be beneficial.

Seek professional support

If you suspect you have PCOS or are experiencing symptoms of Depression, it is crucial to consult with healthcare professionals who specialize in these areas. 

They can diagnose accurately, offer appropriate treatments, and recommend therapy options.

Medication and psychotherapy

Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or Talk therapy
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) or Talk therapy

Depending on the severity of Depression, medication, such as antidepressants, may be prescribed to help reduce the symptoms. 

Psychotherapy, including Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT), can also be beneficial in addressing negative thought patterns and developing coping strategies.

Lifestyle changes

There is evidence that a range of lifestyle factors are involved in the development of Depression.

Engaging in regular physical activity, maintaining a balanced diet, and managing stress through relaxation techniques can positively impact PCOS and Depression symptoms.

Support groups

Joining support groups with others who have PCOS can provide valuable emotional support, practical advice, and a sense of belonging.

You can easily find these communities online.

Self-care

Practicing self-care activities can help improve overall well-being and reduce the impact of Depression.

You can try some self-care techniques such as:

  • Engaging in hobbies
  • Getting enough sleep
  • Prioritizing time for relaxation 

Conclusion

The link between PCOS and Depression highlights this hormonal disorder’s significant impact on a woman’s mental health. 

Several factors contribute to this association, including hormonal imbalances, chronic stress, and inflammation. 

Common symptoms seen in Depression are that a woman may feel tired, guilty, sad, etc.

The symptoms of Depression can further worsen the challenges faced by women with PCOS, leading to poor treatment adherence, reduced quality of life, and an increased risk of developing other mental health disorders. 

However, some strategies can help manage both PCOS and Depression. 

Seeking professional support, considering medication, adopting lifestyle changes, and practicing self-care are valuable approaches to alleviating symptoms and improving overall well-being. 

Recommended Article:
Read The Hormonal Maze: Shedding Light on PCOS Symptoms to learn about other prime symptoms of PCOS.

Frequently Asked Questions

Does PCOS contribute to Depression?

Yes, PCOS can contribute to Depression. The hormonal imbalances, chronic stress, and impact on physical appearance associated with PCOS can all contribute to an increased risk of Depression in women with this condition.

How do you fight PCOS Depression?

Fighting PCOS Depression involves a multifaceted approach. Seeking professional support, considering medication, making lifestyle changes, joining support groups, and practicing self-care can all be effective strategies for managing and reducing the impact of PCOS Depression.

Why is PCOS so stressful?

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) can be stressful due to various factors. These include physical symptoms like weight gain and acne, fertility concerns, the impact on body image, and the chronic stress of managing the emotional and physical aspects of the condition.

How can I improve my mental health with PCOS?

To improve your mental health with PCOS, adopt a healthy lifestyle with regular exercise and a balanced diet, practice stress management techniques, join support groups, and prioritize self-care activities that promote emotional well-being.

Citations:
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