BV vs Yeast Infection: How to Tell the Difference and What to Do About It
Vaginal infections cause intense itchiness, discharge, and irritation of the vagina and the vulva (the tissues at the vaginal opening).
As per nature.com, 28 percent of women in the USA were diagnosed with vaginal infection.
Yeast infections and Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) are the most common vaginal infections.
Even though the two conditions share some common symptoms, there is a need to understand their differences.
BV is caused by bacteria overgrowth in the vagina, whereas yeast infections result from fungus outgrowth.
While yeast infections cause thick white discharge, BV includes thin, grayish-white vaginal discharge that smells fishy.
Let’s get a better understanding to help you receive appropriate treatment.
Causes and Risk Factors
There could be several possible reasons for developing Yeast infections and Bacterial Vaginosis.
These include,
Bacterial Vaginosis (BV)
Some common causes of Bacterial Vaginosis include,
- Changes in natural pH levels
- An imbalance between good and harmful bacteria in the vagina
- Overgrowth of Gardnerella vaginalis (bacteria) in and around the vagina
- Disrupting the average balance of bacteria in the vagina by not using condoms, douching, and having new or multiple sex partners
Yeast infection
Here are a few causes of yeast infection.
- Pregnancy
- Uncontrolled diabetes
- Weak immune system
- Taking antibiotics or corticosteroids
- Overgrowth of Candida fungus in the vagina
- Use of douches or perfumed vaginal hygiene products
- Hormonal fluctuations during menstruation or menopause
Risk factors
Specific factors can also contribute to vaginal infection. These include,
- Poor hygiene
- Having multiple sexual partners
- Using specific birth control methods
- Wearing tight or non-breathable clothing
- Sexually active people are more prone to both infections
It is crucial to note that neither BV or yeast infections cause sexual transmission of infections.
However, Bacterial Vaginosis can increase the risk of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).
It can also enhance the chances of delivering low-weight or premature babies.
As a result, it is essential to identify the risk factors and causes of these infections and take preventive measures.
These include maintaining good vaginal hygiene, avoiding douching and perfumed vaginal hygiene products, and using condoms.
Symptoms
The two conditions share some common symptoms.
But can you have BV and a yeast infection at the same time?
Well, it is possible to have them at the same time.
However, it is important to seek medical attention if symptoms of yeast infection and Bacterial Vaginosis are present.
Here is a clear difference between BV vs yeast infection.
| Bacterial Vaginosis | Yeast infection |
|---|---|
| Vaginal itching Burning during sex and urination Thin, yellow, or gray vaginal discharge Pain, soreness, and itching of the vulva Strong, unpleasant odor, mostly noticeable after sex or during menstruation | Pain during sex Burning during urination Redness and swelling of the vulva Vaginal burning, itching, and soreness Thick, white discharge with the constancy of cottage cheese |
Diagnosis
As mentioned in MedlinePlus and UpToDate, a pelvic exam and vaginal fluid sample can detect yeast infection and Bacterial Vaginosis.
In order to perform a pelvic exam, your doctor will request you to undress below the waist.
The next step is putting your feet in stirrups and lying on the exam table.
To check the cervix, the professional will use a plastic or metal speculum to open the vagina gently.
Your medical provider will take a sample of your vaginal discharge using cotton swabs or a wooden stick.
The sample will next be analyzed under a microscope to check for any bacteria or fungi.
Your doctor can additionally perform a vaginal pH test to evaluate the acidity of the vaginal fluid.
Treatment
There are multiple treatment options available for Bacterial Vaginosis vs. yeast infection.
BV is typically treated using prescribed antibiotics like Tinidazole, Clindamycin, and Metronidazole.
Meanwhile, OTC antifungal medications like Terconazole, Miconazole, and Clotrimazole are used to treat yeast infections.
Moreover, your doctor might also address prescription antifungal medications such as Fluconazole might also be addressed.
Your doctor may suggest some best probiotics for yeast infection and BV if required.
Natural ways
Specific lifestyle changes and home remedies can help manage yeast infection symptoms and Bacterial Vaginosis.
These include,
- Practicing good hygiene
- Using condoms during sex
- Wearing loose, breathable clothing
- Applying a warm compress to the affected area
- Eating a healthy diet and avoiding sugary foods
- Avoiding douching and perfumed vaginal hygiene products
Prevention
Here are a few preventive measures that you can follow to prevent infections.
- Avoid douching or rinsing the vagina
- Wipe from front to back after using the restroom
- Avoid remaining in wet/swamp clothes or bathing suits
- Wear condoms during intercourse and properly clean any toys
- Avoid remaining in hot tubs for an extended time
- Replace tight-fitting clothing with loose, moisture-wicking clothes
- Consider taking probiotics to encourage the good bacteria in your vagina
- Avoid scented feminine hygiene products, like tampons or fragrant soaps
Conclusion
Yeast infections and Bacterial Vaginosis (BV) are the two most common vaginal infections caused by increased microbial activities.
The symptoms are similar for both conditions, but their causes and treatment differ.
Several prescribed antibiotics, OTC antifungal medications, and probiotics can help restore your health.
Moreover, home remedies and lifestyle changes can also help manage the symptoms of bv or yeast infection.
If your symptoms persist or get worse, immediately consult your doctor.
Frequently Asked Questions
How do I know if I have a yeast infection or BV?
Thick, white, and odorless discharge is characteristic of yeast infections. There could be a white film within and outside of your vagina. A vaginal discharge of gray foam that smells fishy may indicate Bacterial Vaginosis. However, it’s also typical for BV to show no symptoms.
Which is more painful, BV or yeast infection?
BV is more painful and uncomfortable. If you experience discomfort or burning while having sex, you may have a yeast infection. Unlike with a yeast infection, there is often no redness or irritation around the vaginal opening or on the vulva.
How can I test for BV or yeast infection at home?
Testing the vaginal pH is the standard procedure for most over-the-counter BV kits. This requires the vagina to be cleansed with a specific swab, which will be twirled for several seconds before removal. The swab’s color will change after a few seconds, which you can compare later.
Why am I getting BV all the time?
The specific cause of BV is unknown, but sex is thought to play a role. Sexual activity without protection, with a new partner, or with several partners can disrupt the vaginal microbiome. The chance of acquiring BV can also rise if you engage in certain behaviors, such as douching.
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